The basic structure of DC motor

DC motor is able to direct current electrical energy into mechanical energy (DC motor)or to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy (DC DC generator) rotary motor. It is able to achieve DC motor of electric energy and mechanical energy to convert. When it is operated as a motor is a DC motor, electric energy is converted into mechanical energy; as a generator is a DC generator, the mechanical energy into electrical energy.

DC motor stator and rotor structure shall be composed of two parts. Stationary DC motor running part called stator, main function of stator magnetic field is generated,composed of a base, a main pole, Huan Xiangji, end cover, bearing and electric brush device etc.. Running the part called the rotor, the main function is to generateelectromagnetic torque and the induced electromotive force, is a DC motor for energy conversion of the hub, so are often called the armature, composed of a rotating shaft,an armature core, an armature winding, commutator and fan etc..

Rotor

Armature core

Armature core is the main part of the main magnetic circuit, at the same time to embed the armature winding.

By a 0.5mm thick silicon steel sheet punched the lamination and pressed by generalarmature core, in order to reduce the eddy current loss and hysteresis loss generatedwhen the motor runs the armature iron heart. The core of folded is fixed on the rotating shaft or the rotor bracket. The outer circle of the armature core with groove,groove is embedded with the armature winding.

The rotating shaft

The rotation of the rotor shaft plays a supporting role, need to have certain mechanical strength and stiffness, the general use of round steel processed.

Commutator

In the DC motor with brush, commutator, can be an external DC power supplyconverted to alternating current in the armature coil,

The direction of electromagnetic torque constant; in the dynamo, commutator withbrush, can the alternating electromotive force induced in the armature coil producesconverted to DC electromotive force leads to positive, negative brush on. Commutatoris composed of many commutator consists of cylinder, a reversing sheet between theinsulating mica sheet.

The armature winding

The armature winding function produces electromagnetic torque and the induced electromotive force, is a key component of the DC motor of energy conversion, so thatthe armature. It is composed of many coils (hereinafter called element) according to certain rules which are connected, coil adopts high strength enamelled wire or glass fiber enameled copper wire is wound into a coil, coil different boundary is divided into two layers embedded in the armature slot, between the coil edge two layer between the coil and the iron core and, under the must be properly insulated. In order to prevent the centrifugal force will coil left side out of the slot, slot for fixing slot wedge.Coil out groove terminal part thermosetting weftless glass belt lashing.

Stator

Commutating pole

Effect of commutating pole is reduced to improve commutation, commutation sparkwhen the motor runs between the electric brush and the commutator possible,generally installed between two adjacent main magnetic poles, by commutating poleiron core and commutating pole winding component. Insulating commutating pole winding wire winded, set in the commutating pole iron core, a reversing polarity with the number of the main pole is equal.

Main pole

Main pole function produces the air gap magnetic field. The main magnetic pole is composed of two parts of main pole core and the excitation winding component.

The core with the general 0.5mm ~ 1.5mm thick silicon steel lamination riveting tighttogether, is divided into two parts pole and the pole shoe, the above set of excitation winding part is called a pole body, the following widening part is called the pole shoe,pole to pole body width, distribution can not only adjust the magnetic field in the air gap and then, in the fixed excitation winding. Insulating excitation winding copper wire,set in the main pole iron core. The main pole is fixed on the frame by screws,

Brush device

Brush device is used to introduction or removal of DC voltage and DC current. Brushdevice is composed of a brush, brush holder, a brush rod and a brush rod seat etc..Brush on the brush holder, with spring pressure, has good sliding contact between the electric brush and the commutator, brush holder is fixed on the brush rod and the brush rod is arranged in the annular brush rod seat, each other must be insulated.The brush rod seat is arranged on the end cover and bearing cover, circumferentialposition can be adjusted, adjusted the later to be fixed.

The base

Motor stator housing called base. The base has two functions:

One is used to fix the main magnetic pole, a reversing polarity and the end cover, andsupporting and fixing effect of the whole motor;

The two is part of the base itself is the magnetic circuit, so as to constitute a pathwaybetween the poles of the magnetic flux through the part, called the yoke. In order to ensure the machine has enough mechanical strength and good magnetic properties,generally for steel castings or welded by steel plates.